Muscle function during running

The anatomy of the legs is complex with multiple muscles that are (anatomically) capable of flexing and extending the limb joints. How do these muscles operate mechanically and how is their action co-ordinated to produce stable and economical walking and running? A new model proposes that the geometry of the limbs and anatomical positioning of the muscles enables muscles to operate sequentially as linkages that avoid work demands (Usherwood, 2022: J. Exp. Biol. 225, jeb243254). The aim of this project is to determine how the muscles operate during locomotion.<br /> <br />

<p>The project will use an animal model and will involve a range of state-of-the-art physiological techniques (electromyography, sonomicrometry, muscle ergometry) to determine muscle function during locomotion. 3D motion analysis will be used to determine limb and body kinematics and kinetics.</p> <p>The project will lead to a detailed insight into how muscles are used during locomotion, and how their function can be modulated in response to external factors such as gradient, substrate and speed. It will also lead to the advancement of models of locomotion, which will play an important role the replacement, reduction and refinement (3Rs) of animals in scientific research and the development of improved treatments for disorders affecting gait.</p>

<p>To apply for this project opportunity applicants should complete an <a href="https://biologicalsciences.leeds.ac.uk/research-degrees/doc/how-to-apply">online application form</a> and attach the following documentation to support their application.&nbsp;</p> <ul> <li>a full academic CV</li> <li>degree certificate and transcripts of marks</li> <li>Evidence that you meet the University&#39;s minimum English language requirements (if applicable)</li> </ul> <p>To help us identify that you are applying for this project please ensure you provide the following information on your application form;</p> <ul> <li>Select PhD in Biological Sciences as your programme of study</li> <li>Give the full project title and name the supervisors listed in this advert</li> </ul> <p>If English is not your first language, you must provide evidence that you meet the University&#39;s minimum English language requirements (below).</p> <p><em>As an international research-intensive university, we welcome students from all walks of life and from across the world. We foster an inclusive environment where all can flourish and prosper, and we are proud of our strong commitment to student education. Across all Faculties we are dedicated to diversifying our community and we welcome the unique contributions that individuals can bring, and particularly encourage applications from, but not limited to Black, Asian, people who belong to a minority ethnic community, people who identify as LGBT+ and people with disabilities. Applicants will always be selected based on merit and ability.</em></p>

Applicants to research degree programmes should normally have at least a first class or an upper second class British Bachelors Honours degree (or equivalent) in an appropriate discipline. The criteria for entry for some research degrees may be higher, for example, several faculties, also require a Masters degree. Applicants are advised to check with the relevant School prior to making an application. Applicants who are uncertain about the requirements for a particular research degree are advised to contact the School or Graduate School prior to making an application.

The minimum English language entry requirement for research postgraduate research study is an IELTS of 6.0 overall with at least 5.5 in each component (reading, writing, listening and speaking) or equivalent. The test must be dated within two years of the start date of the course in order to be valid. Some schools and faculties have a higher requirement.

<p>This project is open to applicants who have the funding to support their own studies or who have a sponsor who will cover these costs.&nbsp;</p>

<p>For information about the application process please contact the Faculty Admissions Team:</p> <p>e: <a href="mailto:fbsgrad@leeds.ac.uk">fbsgrad@leeds.ac.uk</a></p>